2020-09-10 13:34:14
On September 6, the press conference of the 2020 future science award was held at Beijing Wangjing Kuntai Jiarui cultural center. The future Science Award Committee announced the winners of the 2020 future science award.
Zhang Tingdong and Wang Zhenyi won the "Life Science Award" for their discovery of the therapeutic effect of arsenic trioxide and all trans retinoic acid on acute promyelocytic leukemia; Luko won the "Material Science Award" for its pioneering discovery and utilization of nano twin structure and gradient nanostructure to achieve high strength, high toughness and high conductivity of copper metal; Peng Shige won the "Mathematics and Computer Science Award" for his pioneering contributions in the theory of backward stochastic differential equations, nonlinear Feynman KAC formula and nonlinear mathematical expectation theory.
Zhang Tingdong and Wang Zhenyi, winners of the "Life Science Award", made decisive contributions to the cure of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). APL was once one of the most dangerous and fatal leukemias. The work of Zhang Tingdong and Wang Zhenyi made the cure rate of APL reach 90%. For thousands of years, arsenic trioxide (ATO, commonly known as arsenic) has been tried in many different diseases, but its efficacy has not been reliable, repeatable and recognized. In the 1970s, Zhang Tingdong and his colleagues first confirmed that ATO can treat APL. In the 1980s, Wang Zhenyi and his colleagues first demonstrated that all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has a significant therapeutic effect on APL in patients. The work of Zhang Tingdong and Wang Zhenyi has been verified and promoted internationally, making ATO and ATRA the standard drugs for treating APL leukemia in the world, saving the lives of many patients.
Lu Ke, winner of the "Material Science Award", and his research team have found that two new nanostructures can improve the strength of copper metal materials without losing their good plasticity and conductivity, making a major breakthrough in the strengthening principle of metal materials.
Improving the strength of metal materials has always been one of the most important scientific problems in the field of material physics. Generally, the strengthening of materials is realized by introducing various defects to hinder the dislocation movement. However, when the strength of materials is increased, the plasticity and conductivity will be lost, which leads to the famous inverted relationship between the strength and plasticity (or conductivity) of materials that has not been solved for a long time. How to overcome this contradiction has become a major scientific problem in the international material field for decades.
Peng Shige, the winner of "Mathematics and Computer Science Award", made groundbreaking and pioneering contributions in the fields of backward stochastic differential equations, nonlinear Feynman KAC formulas and nonlinear mathematical expectations.
The article published by Peng Shige and pardoux in 1990 is considered as the foundation work of backward stochastic differential equation theory (BSDE). This work has opened up an important research field, including both profound mathematical theories and important applications in mathematical finance. Peng Shige has been working continuously in this field and made a series of important contributions.
Peng Shige created the nonlinear Feynman KAC formula in 1992, thus giving the BSDE expression for a large class of second-order nonlinear differential equations.
Peng Shige developed the theory of nonlinear mathematical expectation, which is fundamentally different from the traditional linear mathematical expectation, but similar mathematical theories can still be established. This has great application to the definition and quantification of risk.
The future science award is the first world-class science award jointly sponsored by scientists and entrepreneurs in China, with a single prize of US $1 million. The future science award emphasizes the award of scientific research work completed in Greater China, which has great international impact, is original, long-term important or has passed the test of time, regardless of its nationality, gender and age. It aims to promote breakthrough basic scientific research and commend outstanding scientists, Attract global scientific and technological talents and promote the development of science.